Defect‐engineered two‐dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides towards electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

Recently, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) demonstrated their great potential as cost-effective catalysts in hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, we systematically summarize the existing defect engineering strategies, including intrinsic defects (atomic vacancy and active edges) extrinsic (metal doping, nonmetal hybrid doping), which have been utilized to obtain advanced TMD-based electrocatalysts. Based on theoretical simulations experimental results, electronic structure, intermediate adsorption/desorption energies possible catalytic mechanisms are thoroughly discussed. Particular emphasis is given relationship between various types of electrocatalytic properties. Furthermore, current opportunities challenges for mechanical investigations applications defective presented. The aim herein reveal respective properties TMD provide valuable insights fabricating high-efficiency